Hair-waving device and method



J. A. McLAIN HAIR-WAVING DE'VICE AND METHOD Filed April l5, 1940 ,Alll

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FIG.8.

Jemz'JnaA. /[clam l M C( ML on the human head and, method and apparatus for `producing an im- Patented 9,

UNITED STATE s PATENT ori-ICE nain-wams DEVICE AND 'Mimmo Jemima A. McLain, New York, N. Y., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Roi-O-Wavc, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application April 13, 1940, Serial No. 329,445

14 Claims.

This invention relates to the waving of hair particular, to a proved permanent wave.

Two principalmethods of curlingl vor wavingr hair permanently have been known heretofore. As pointed out in Mayer Reissue Patent '18,841, the first method comprises winding a substantially round strand of hair in a helix on a rod or spindle, and subjecting the helix to heat. This method produces a curl of the type best described by the terml corkscrew In the second method, a strand of hair is so confined that it remains generally fiat and, in that condition, is wound on a curler from the end of'- the strand toward the scalp'and then subjected tol i heat.

This treatment' produces a sinuous wave which is generally fiat or follows more or less the contour of .the head.

I have invented a novel method and apparatus for waving hair which is characterized by numer-I ous advantages over the methods and apparatus known heretofore.v In a preferred practice of the from the outer end toward the scalp, in'what I designate as a "pancake spiral, i. e., the several turns of the spiral lie generally in a single plane, one on the other. The strand is preferably twisted by turning the spiral as it is coiled. The finished spiral is preferably reversed on completion of the coil and is maintained infthat posi- `tion until set.

The apparatus 'of my invention comprises an Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken along the planeof line II-II of Fig. 1:

Fig. 3` is a plan view of the box with the cover and all other parts removed;

for` the persent. to Figs. 1 through 9, the embodiinvention, I coil a generally round strand of hair,

enclosure having coiling means such as a spool n rotatable therein. In a preferredfembodiment, the spool is separable from the enclosure or box and may be taken apart to facilitate the starting of a coil thereon.- I provide means accessible on the exterior of the box for winding up a coil on l the spool, the box having an opening in a wall thereof disposed radially of the spool 'to' receive the strand as it is coiled up. The box is designed to receive a chemical heating pad adjacent;` the spool, whereby the coiled spiral may be subjected '45 to 'thepro'per degree of heat.

Various details of thepractice and embodiment outlinedl above, and the numerous advantages of the invention will be pointed out during the following complete description and 'explanation which refers to the' accompanying drawing illustrating the apparatus and, diagrammatically, the method. In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation to a slightly enlarged scale; I

ment-of the invention there illustrated comprises an enclosure or box I0 and a spool or other windup member II rotatably mounted therein. 'I'he box I0 may conveniently take the form of a shallow cylinder, open at one end and provided with a cover I2 removably disposed thereon. The box and cover are preferably provided with cushioning rings orl collars I3` and I4. The side wall of the' box is slotted as at I5, providing an opening disposed radially relative to the spool l I.

A ratchet wheel I6' is rotatably secured to the bottom of the box I0 adjacent the center thereof and `the hub of the wheel is provided with a square or other non-circular hole I1 therethrough. A spring pawl Il cooperates with the teeth on the periphery of the wheel Il. The pawl I8 comprises a loop I8 of spring wire extending laterally from a bracket 2l secured to the ybottom-of the box fIIl. l

A non-circular shaft 2| which, inthe illustrated embodiment, is square, to fit into the hole II, is providedv with a spool disk 22 having a hub 23. For convenience, the hub.23 is xed securely on the shaft 2I, although it may, if desired, be axially removable therefrom. any event, the 4hub 23 has a holeY therethrough fitting closely around the shaft 2| whereby rotation imparted to the shaft is directly communicated to the spool disk.

A second spool disk 24 is disposed on the shaft opening 28, in this instance, square, for coopera- `tion with the shaft 2l.

2i' and is vpreferably removable therefrom. The disk 24 has a hub 25 provided with a non-circular A knob 21 has a hub 2l rotatably secured in "the cover I2 substantially centrally,thereof=. The

hub 2l`has a recess 29 therein adapted to admit `34 is formed of hair gathered from a generally the end of the shaft 2l and square in section, whereby torque applied to the nobis transmitted directly to the shaft.

With the pants assembled as shown in Fig. 2, it will be apparent that the spool disks 22 and 24 and the ratchet wheel I 6 rotate with the shaft 2l and that the shaft may be turned by turning the knob 2l manually. 'I'he pawl I3 permits' the ratchet wheel to turn only in the clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 3 and prevents rotation y thereof in thereverse direction.

Space is provided between the disk 24 and the cover/I2 for an annular chemical heating pad 30. Theheat generated by chemical action in J the pad is delivereddirectly to the spool disk 24 and thence to the strand of hair coiled between y the disk 24 and the disk 22. i

The box I is provided with retainer lugs 3I having notches 32 therein. The cover I2 has lips 33 extending radially from its inner edge,

in spaced portions of its periphery. The cover I2 may thus be assembled with the box after insertion of the spool. disks and the heating pad,

.into a strand 34, as shown in Fig. l0, and dampen it with a suitable solution. Preferably the strand triangular area -of the scalp as disclosed and claimed in copending application Ser. No, 327,805, filed April 4, 1940, by James E. Snyder for Method of waving hair.

which is 4indicated at 36. The spacer may be of any suitable type. I have illustrated in outline only a spacer such as .that disclosed in copending application Ser. No. 327,008, led March 30, 1940, of James E. Snyder, which comprises generally a pair of wings pivoted together and forming, when closed, a substantially equilateral triangle, the wings having notches in their cooperating edges and resilient facing strips whereby the strand is so gripped as to maintain it substantially circular in section and, in any case, without the pronounced flattening which is produced by spacers used heretofore for waving hair.

When the spacer 35 has been applied to the strand, the latter is twisted slightly and the extreme end formed intoa few spiral turns. This starting spiralis then placed over the shaft 2| and the hub 230i the disk 22, the cover I2 and disk 24 having been removed. 'I'he uncoiled'portion of the strand is disposed in the slotIS. When the starting spiral has been placed on the hub 23,l the disk 2,4 is replaced and a heating pad placed thereagainst after being suitably dampened. The cover I2 is then placed on the box and locked as already described. It will be understood thatin replacing the disk 24 and the coverI2, the parts are assembledin proper rela- .tion so that driving engagement exists betweenv the hub ofthe knob '21, the shaft 2l and the disk 24.. l

' When the operations described so far have been completed, the end of the strand 34 has been started onv the Spool II, 'as vgenerally indicated in Fig. 1o.V By holding the box n vin one nana and turning the knob 21 .with the. other, the 75 uncoiled portion of the length of the strand may be wrapped on the spool II in a .pancake spiral, i. e;, one in which the successive turns are superposed vand lie in substantially'the same plane. vIt will bev understood, of course, that the starting spiral is so disposed on the hub of the disk 22 that rotation of the spool in the direction in which-rotation is permitted by the ratchet and pawl, will continue to -wind the starting spiral and not'unwind it.

In windingup the strand on the spool II, suitable tension is applied to the strand manually. 'I'he box I0, furthermore, is rotated abolut a diameter thereof through theopening I5 from time to time as the winding-up operation proceeds, as indicated by the successive positions of the box shown in dotted lines in Fig.. 10. vWhen the winding-up operation is completed, the sev- I 'eral turns ofthel resulting spiral are on the spool II as indicated generallyin dotted lines .in Fig'. 2. The ratchet and pawl prevent unwinding of the spiral or coil of hair on the spool. The coiling may be carried only so far -that the box is permitted to lie flatwise against the scalp 'as shown in Fig. 10, or. alternatively, may be continued until the box is held on edge by thetension in the strand, in generally the po sition shown in Fig. 2.

l'. prefer to rotate the box'about a diameter thereof through the opening I5, when it has been brought to a position adjacent the s'calp, in order to produce a reverse curl as disclosed in the copending Snyder application Ser. No. 327,805 above-mentioned.

The heat generated by chemical action in the pad 30 is, as stated previously, transmitted di rectly to the strand of hair coiled on the spool,l through the disk 24 thereof. V'Zlhe heat causes When the hair has been gathl ered into a strand by hand, it is confined withinv -a suitable spacer disposed adjacent the scalp the boxes may be removed and the curls combed out. On so doing; it will be found that a permanentwave is imparted to the hairv which differs from the corkscrew curl produced by coiling the hair in a helixvon a' spindle 'or rod and also from the so-called Croquignole waveA produced by winding a nat strand on a rod commencing at the outer end of the strand. The wave produced by my invention is best described as a rolling wave, because itV partakes of the general character of bothI the "corkscrew curl and the Croquignole wave and, in fact, represents` a combination thereof. In other words, th'e strands are curled and waved at the same time. This type of wave makes it possible to achieve a variety of attractive effects in styling the hair, par-`V ticularly if anger waved after the treatment described herein, according to'the method of the aforementioned Snyder application Ser. No.V 327,805. The improved results accomplished by 'v the present invention may be readily appreciated by a comparison between the appearance o f the hairwhen treated as described herein andv its appearance when treated by either of the meth- .ods previously known.'

Y The invention has numerous advantages in addition to theattractive appearance of the rolling removable from the shaft.

'from the exterior of the b ox.

ing wave mentioned above. The operations involved are quite simple and may readily be learned by the average hairdresser; The device is simple in construction and easy lto manipulate. The number of parts which it is necessary to handle is small, compared with the number of elements required in the permanent waving apparatus used previously. The box enclosing the wind-up spool, beingtightly closed except for the opening through which the strand is drawn in,

confines the vapor in the immediate neighborhood of the coiled strand. As already` stated, furthermore, the heating pad is so located that heat is transmitted directly therefrom to the coiled strand. Y

Although I have illustrated arid described herein but -a preferred embodiment and practice of ward the scalp in a single spiral extending ra,

the invention, it will be understood that changes f l in th'e manipulative procedure and the construertion of the apparatus may be made without` departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

I claim: A 1. A hair-Waving device comprising a box having a removable cover, a shaft journaled in-the box and cover for rotation axially thereof, andv a pair of spool disks mounted on said shaft for A rotation therewith, at least one of the disks be- 2. A hair-waving device comprising a box, a wind-up spool rotatably mounted in lsaid box,

` means accessible from the exterior ofthe box for turning the spool and means for preventing reverse rotation of the spool. v

3. A hair-waving device comprising a box, a

i wind-up spool'rotatably mounted in said' box, an

opening in the box through which a strand of hair may be' drawn to wind it on said spool, means accessible from the exterior of the box for turning the spool;l and means for preventing reverse rotation of the spool.

ing in the enclosure located radially of the spool,

and means accessible from the exterior of the n enclosure for turning the spool. A l

8. A hair-waving device comprising a boxhav-v ing a removable cover thereon, a spool rotatably l mounted in said box, an opening in a wall of 'the box, said opening being located'radiaily .of the .r spool, and a knob accessible on the exteriorof the box for turning the spool.-

' 9. In a methodof waving hair, the steps including gathering the hair` into a generally round strand, coilingthe strand from the outer end todially .within a relatively narrow enclosed winding zone and subjecting the wound spiral coil '"1 tothe action of heat.

10. In a method of waving hair, thelsteps including gatheringl the hair into a strand, so confining thestrand that it is generally round in section, coiling the strand from the outer end toward the scalp in a single spiral extending radially within areiatively narrow e ose'd winding zone, periodically twisting the 'uncoiled portion of the strand about its longitudinal axis, asy the coil is wound, .and subjecting the wound'spiral coil to the action of heat.4 11.-In a method of wavinghair, the steps invcluding gathering the hair into a generally roundstrand: colling the strand from the outer en'd toward the scalp in a single lspiral extending'ra'- dially within a relatively narrow enclosed winding zonel turning the spiral to twist the strand as-it is coi1edand subjecting the wound spiral coil to the action of heat.

12. In a method of waving hair, the steps in- I cluding gathering the hair inte a generauy round '4. A hair-waving device comprising a box hav-4 ing a removable cover, a shaft-journaled in the box and cover, and a pair of spool disks mounted on said shaft, a ratchet wheel rotating withsaidshaft, and a pawl on said box engaging said wheel.

5. A hair-waving device comprising a box having. a removable cover, Aa shaft journaled in the box and cover, a pair of spool disks mounted on said shaft, and meansvlon said cover removably engaging the shaft whereby it may 'be turned 6. A hairwaving device comprising a box having a .removable cover, a ratchet wheel rotatable in said bx anda knob rotatable in said cover,

a non-circular shaft removably received in suitably shaped openings in, said wheel and knob,

whereby they rotate together, a wind-upl spool on said shaft, and an opening inthe box through which a strand of hair may be drawn to'wind Ait Vonsaidsiiol. y

strand, colling the -strand from the outer end toward the scalp on al, spoolin a generally pan.

cake spiral'extending radially within a relatively narrow A,enclosed windig'zone, twisting the strand I as the spiral is coiled.- and subjecting the woundl spiralcoil tothe action' of heat.

13. A hair waving'device comprising an enclosure, a spool formation defining a substantially narrow windingzone journalled for rotation, an opening in the enclosure located radially ofthe spool formation and in lline with the winding zone of the spool formation, and means for turningthespool. w

14. A hair waving device comprising a box having a shaft journalled therein for rotation with respect thereto, a pair of spool discs of ycurved l surface contour mounted on saidshaiftv for rotation therewith,l the saidspooled discs having theirconvex surfaces inv adjacency, and an aperture in .said boxv radially of said ,spool discs and .Y in line with'the zone defined" between the ad- "I. A hair-waving device comprising an enclojacent convex surfaces of said spooled `discs through which a strand 'of hair may pass, and meansvfor rotating the shaft thereby to wind hair `spi'rally inthe zone defined between the spools. L JEMIMAAMCLAIN.

sure, a spool rotatably mounted thereinan open-- 

